path/filepath

func Abs

1func Abs(path string) (string, error)

Abs returns an absolute representation of path. If the path is not absolute it will be joined with the current working directory to turn it into an absolute path. The absolute path name for a given file is not guaranteed to be unique. Abs calls Clean on the result.

func Base

1func Base(path string) string

Base returns the last element of path. Trailing path separators are removed before extracting the last element. If the path is empty, Base returns ".". If the path consists entirely of separators, Base returns a single separator.

 1fmt.Println("On Unix:")
 2fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/foo/bar/baz.js"))
 3fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/foo/bar/baz"))
 4fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/foo/bar/baz/"))
 5fmt.Println(filepath.Base("dev.txt"))
 6fmt.Println(filepath.Base("../todo.txt"))
 7fmt.Println(filepath.Base(".."))
 8fmt.Println(filepath.Base("."))
 9fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/"))
10fmt.Println(filepath.Base(""))

On Unix:
baz.js
baz
baz
dev.txt
todo.txt
..
.
/
.

func Clean

1func Clean(path string) string

Clean returns the shortest path name equivalent to path by purely lexical processing. It applies the following rules iteratively until no further processing can be done:

1. Replace multiple Separator elements with a single one.
2. Eliminate each . path name element (the current directory).
3. Eliminate each inner .. path name element (the parent directory) along with the non-.. element that precedes it.
4. Eliminate .. elements that begin a rooted path: that is, replace “/..” by “/” at the beginning of a path, assuming Separator is ‘/’.

The returned path ends in a slash only if it represents a root directory, such as “/” on Unix or C:\ on Windows.

Finally, any occurrences of slash are replaced by Separator.

If the result of this process is an empty string, Clean returns the string “.”.

See also Rob Pike, “Lexical File Names in Plan 9 or Getting Dot-Dot Right,” https://9p.io/sys/doc/lexnames.html

func Dir

1func Dir(path string) string

Dir returns all but the last element of path, typically the path's directory. After dropping the final element, Dir calls Clean on the path and trailing slashes are removed. If the path is empty, Dir returns ".". If the path consists entirely of separators, Dir returns a single separator. The returned path does not end in a separator unless it is the root directory.

 1fmt.Println("On Unix:")
 2fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/foo/bar/baz.js"))
 3fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/foo/bar/baz"))
 4fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/foo/bar/baz/"))
 5fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/dirty//path///"))
 6fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("dev.txt"))
 7fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("../todo.txt"))
 8fmt.Println(filepath.Dir(".."))
 9fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("."))
10fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/"))
11fmt.Println(filepath.Dir(""))

On Unix:
/foo/bar
/foo/bar
/foo/bar/baz
/dirty/path
.
..
.
.
/
.

func EvalSymlinks

1func EvalSymlinks(path string) (string, error)

EvalSymlinks returns the path name after the evaluation of any symbolic links. If path is relative the result will be relative to the current directory, unless one of the components is an absolute symbolic link. EvalSymlinks calls Clean on the result.

func Ext

1func Ext(path string) string

Ext returns the file name extension used by path. The extension is the suffix beginning at the final dot in the final element of path; it is empty if there is no dot.

1fmt.Printf("No dots: %q\n", filepath.Ext("index"))
2fmt.Printf("One dot: %q\n", filepath.Ext("index.js"))
3fmt.Printf("Two dots: %q\n", filepath.Ext("main.test.js"))

No dots: ""
One dot: ".js"
Two dots: ".js"

func FromSlash

1func FromSlash(path string) string

FromSlash returns the result of replacing each slash ('/') character in path with a separator character. Multiple slashes are replaced by multiple separators.

func Glob

1func Glob(pattern string) (matches []string, err error)

Glob returns the names of all files matching pattern or nil if there is no matching file. The syntax of patterns is the same as in Match. The pattern may describe hierarchical names such as /usr/*/bin/ed (assuming the Separator is '/').

Glob ignores file system errors such as I/O errors reading directories. The only possible returned error is ErrBadPattern, when pattern is malformed.

func IsAbs

1func IsAbs(path string) bool

IsAbs reports whether the path is absolute.

1fmt.Println("On Unix:")
2fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("/home/gopher"))
3fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs(".bashrc"))
4fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs(".."))
5fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("."))
6fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("/"))
7fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs(""))

On Unix:
true
false
false
false
true
false

func Join

1func Join(elem ...string) string

Join joins any number of path elements into a single path, separating them with an OS specific Separator. Empty elements are ignored. The result is Cleaned. However, if the argument list is empty or all its elements are empty, Join returns an empty string. On Windows, the result will only be a UNC path if the first non-empty element is a UNC path.

1fmt.Println("On Unix:")
2fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a", "b", "c"))
3fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a", "b/c"))
4fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a/b", "c"))
5fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a/b", "/c"))
6
7fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a/b", "../../../xyz"))

On Unix:
a/b/c
a/b/c
a/b/c
a/b/c
../xyz

func Match

1func Match(pattern, name string) (matched bool, err error)

Match reports whether name matches the shell file name pattern. The pattern syntax is:

pattern:
	{ term }
term:
	'*'         matches any sequence of non-Separator characters
	'?'         matches any single non-Separator character
	'[' [ '^' ] { character-range } ']'
	            character class (must be non-empty)
	c           matches character c (c != '*', '?', '\\', '[')
	'\\' c      matches character c

character-range:
	c           matches character c (c != '\\', '-', ']')
	'\\' c      matches character c
	lo '-' hi   matches character c for lo <= c <= hi

Match requires pattern to match all of name, not just a substring. The only possible returned error is ErrBadPattern, when pattern is malformed.

On Windows, escaping is disabled. Instead, ‘\’ is treated as path separator.

1fmt.Println("On Unix:")
2fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/catch/*", "/home/catch/foo"))
3fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/catch/*", "/home/catch/foo/bar"))
4fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/?opher", "/home/gopher"))
5fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/\\*", "/home/*"))

On Unix:
true 
false 
true 
true 

func Rel

1func Rel(basepath, targpath string) (string, error)

Rel returns a relative path that is lexically equivalent to targpath when joined to basepath with an intervening separator. That is, Join(basepath, Rel(basepath, targpath)) is equivalent to targpath itself. On success, the returned path will always be relative to basepath, even if basepath and targpath share no elements. An error is returned if targpath can't be made relative to basepath or if knowing the current working directory would be necessary to compute it. Rel calls Clean on the result.

 1paths := []string{
 2	"/a/b/c",
 3	"/b/c",
 4	"./b/c",
 5}
 6base := "/a"
 7
 8fmt.Println("On Unix:")
 9for _, p := range paths {
10	rel, err := filepath.Rel(base, p)
11	fmt.Printf("%q: %q %v\n", p, rel, err)
12}

On Unix:
"/a/b/c": "b/c" 
"/b/c": "../b/c" 
"./b/c": "" Rel: can't make ./b/c relative to /a

func Split

1func Split(path string) (dir, file string)

Split splits path immediately following the final Separator, separating it into a directory and file name component. If there is no Separator in path, Split returns an empty dir and file set to path. The returned values have the property that path = dir+file.

 1paths := []string{
 2	"/home/arnie/amelia.jpg",
 3	"/mnt/photos/",
 4	"rabbit.jpg",
 5	"/usr/local//go",
 6}
 7fmt.Println("On Unix:")
 8for _, p := range paths {
 9	dir, file := filepath.Split(p)
10	fmt.Printf("input: %q\n\tdir: %q\n\tfile: %q\n", p, dir, file)
11}

On Unix:
input: "/home/arnie/amelia.jpg"
	dir: "/home/arnie/"
	file: "amelia.jpg"
input: "/mnt/photos/"
	dir: "/mnt/photos/"
	file: ""
input: "rabbit.jpg"
	dir: ""
	file: "rabbit.jpg"
input: "/usr/local//go"
	dir: "/usr/local//"
	file: "go"

func SplitList

1func SplitList(path string) []string

SplitList splits a list of paths joined by the OS-specific ListSeparator, usually found in PATH or GOPATH environment variables. Unlike strings.Split, SplitList returns an empty slice when passed an empty string.

1fmt.Println("On Unix:", filepath.SplitList("/a/b/c:/usr/bin"))

On Unix: [/a/b/c /usr/bin]

func ToSlash

1func ToSlash(path string) string

ToSlash returns the result of replacing each separator character in path with a slash ('/') character. Multiple separators are replaced by multiple slashes.

func VolumeName

1func VolumeName(path string) string

VolumeName returns leading volume name. Given "C:\foo\bar" it returns "C:" on Windows. Given "\\host\share\foo" it returns "\\host\share". On other platforms it returns "".